非谓语动词是英语语法中的重要组成部分，也是各类考试中的高频考点。很多学习者常常在这里'栽跟头'。今天，我们就来系统梳理非谓语动词的用法，帮助大家彻底掌握这个难点！

什么是非谓语动词？

非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种。它们虽然保留着动词的某些特性，但不能独立作谓语。

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一、动词不定式 (to do)

基本用法：

1. 作主语

To learn a foreign language is not easy.

真题示例：______ is to believe. (CET-4) A. See B. To see C. Seeing D. Seen 

2. 作宾语

He wants to study abroad next year.

常接不定式作宾语的动词：want, hope, decide, agree, plan等

3. 作宾语补足语

The teacher asked us to finish the homework on time.

真题示例：The manager encouraged his team ______ harder. (高考) 

A. work     B. working 

C. to work D. worked 

4. 作定语

I have a lot of work to do today.

5. 作状语

She came to the library to study English.

二、动名词 (v-ing)

基本用法：

1. 作主语

Swimming is good for health.

2. 作宾语

I enjoy reading books in my spare time.

常接动名词作宾语的动词：enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, suggest等

真题示例：He suggested ______ a meeting to discuss the problem. 

(CET-4) 

A. have B. to have C. having D. had 

3. 作表语

Her job is teaching English.

4. 作定语

This is a swimming pool.

三、分词 (v-ing/v-ed)

现在分词 (v-ing) 用法：

1. 作定语

The smiling girl is my sister.

真题示例：The ______ news made everyone happy. (高考) 

A. exciting   B. excited 

C. excite      D. excites 

2. 作宾语补足语

I saw him playing basketball yesterday.

3. 作状语

Being ill, he didn't go to school.

过去分词 (v-ed) 用法：

1. 作定语

The broken window needs to be repaired.

2. 作宾语补足语

I want my hair cut short.

3. 作状语

Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful.

真题示例：______ from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (CET-6)

 A. Seen B. Seeing 

C. See    D. To see 

易混点辨析

1. 不定式 vs 动名词作宾语

remember/forget/regret to do：

记得/忘记/遗憾要做某事（未做）

remember/forget/regret doing：

记得/忘记/遗憾做过某事（已做）

2. 现在分词 vs 过去分词作定语

现在分词：表示主动或进行

过去分词：表示被动或完成

实战练习

1. It's no use ______ over spilt milk. 

A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried

2. The question ______ at the meeting tomorrow is very important. (CET-4) A. discussed          B. discussing 

C. to be discussed D. being discussed

3. ______ many times, he still didn't understand it. (考研) 

A. Having told B. Having been told 

C. Telling         D. Told

希望这份整理能帮助大家更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法。在学习过程中，多读例句、多做练习是掌握的关键！如果你觉得有帮助，欢迎分享给更多需要的人哦~